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91.
Guihua Liu Dan Luo Rui Gao Yongfeng Hu Aiping Yu Zhongwei Chen 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,16(37)
The practical application of lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries is hindered by the “shuttle” of lithium polysulfides (LiPS) and sluggish Li–S kinetics issues. Herein, a synergistic strategy combining mesoporous architecture design and defect engineering is proposed to synthesize multifunctional defective 3D ordered mesoporous cobalt sulfide (3DOM N‐Co9S8?x) to address the shuttling and sluggish reaction kinetics of polysulfide in Li–S batteries. The unique 3DOM design provides abundant voids for sulfur storage and enlarged active interfaces that reduce electron/ion diffusion pathways. Meanwhile, X‐ray absorption spectroscopy shows that the surface defect engineering tunes the CoS4 tetrahedra to CoS6 octahedra on Co9S8, endowing abundance of S vacancies on the Co9S8 octahedral sites. The ever‐increasing S vacancies over the course of electrochemical process further promotes the chemical trapping of LiPS and its conversion kinetics, rendering fast and durable Li–S chemistry. Benefiting from these features, the as‐developed 3DOM N‐Co9S8?x/S cathode delivers high areal capacity, superb rate capability, and excellent cyclic stability with ultralow capacity fading rate under raised sulfur loading and low electrolyte content. This design strategy promotes the development of practically viable Li–S batteries and sheds lights on the material engineering in related energy storage application. 相似文献
92.
Zhen Luo Zhuoqing Li Zhe Xie Inna M. Sokolova Lan Song Willie J. G. M. Peijnenburg Menghong Hu Youji Wang 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,16(36)
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano‐TiO2) are widely used in consumer products, raising environmental and health concerns. An overview of the toxic effects of nano‐TiO2 on human and environmental health is provided. A meta‐analysis is conducted to analyze the toxicity of nano‐TiO2 to the liver, circulatory system, and DNA in humans. To assess the environmental impacts of nano‐TiO2, aquatic environments that receive high nano‐TiO2 inputs are focused on, and the toxicity of nano‐TiO2 to aquatic organisms is discussed with regard to the present and predicted environmental concentrations. Genotoxicity, damage to membranes, inflammation and oxidative stress emerge as the main mechanisms of nano‐TiO2 toxicity. Furthermore, nano‐TiO2 can bind with free radicals and signal molecules, and interfere with the biochemical reactions on plasmalemma. At the higher organizational level, nano‐TiO2 toxicity is manifested as the negative effects on fitness‐related organismal traits including feeding, reproduction and immunity in aquatic organisms. Bibliometric analysis reveals two major research hot spots including the molecular mechanisms of toxicity of nano‐TiO2 and the combined effects of nano‐TiO2 and other environmental factors such as light and pH. The possible measures to reduce the harmful effects of nano‐TiO2 on humans and non‐target organisms has emerged as an underexplored topic requiring further investigation. 相似文献
93.
Owing to lack of proper recycling methods, plastic flexible film wastes are usually directly discarded or incinerated, which brings about severe environmental pollution. Therefore, converting plastic wastes into value‐added products has received more and more attention in recent years. In this work, paper‐like composites derived from plastic flexible film wastes were prepared via the thermally induced phase separation method by adding polyethylene‐graft‐maleic anhydride (PE‐g‐MAH) as a compatibilizer and fumed silica as an additive. The resulting paper‐like composites were characterized by SEM and infrared spectroscopy. Other properties such as mechanical properties, thermal properties, whiteness, printability and adsorption performance were also tested in detail. It was found that remarkable enhancements in mechanical, thermal and printable properties of the paper‐like composites were obtained when nano‐SiO2 loading was 2.5–3 wt%. Uniformly distributed holes that can endow good printability by providing space for ink or other functional molecules were observed by using SEM. Furthermore, the CIE whiteness value of the resulting composites can reach 91.6%–96.7% on adding nano‐SiO2. Additionally, the paper‐like composites integrating nano‐SiO2 and PE‐g‐MAH exhibited good solid ink affinity and high water or oil adsorption capacity. Thus, according to this research, high‐performance printable paper‐like composites used as major components of multifunctional papers can be prepared based on plastic flexible film wastes. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
94.
介绍新型"U"型板溶气气浮装置以及"U"型板的工作原理,重点分析"U"型板溶气气浮对生化污泥的浓缩效果。在不同的污泥负荷、溶气回流比、PAC以及PAM加药量的情况下,进行气浮中试试验,寻找最佳的试验工况。试验结果表明,当污泥负荷为57 kg/(m^2·h)、溶气回流比为35%、PAC加药量为30 mg/L、PAM加药量为8 mg/L时,气浮出泥的污泥含固率能稳定在5.55%左右,"U"型板溶气气浮对生化污泥的浓缩效果很好。这对实际生产中气浮工艺取代二沉池以及重力浓缩池提供了现实可行的指导意义。 相似文献
95.
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98.
为了实现对微小环片零件的自动化装配,搭建了自动装配系统.通过4根直线导向轴与4个直线轴承来提高系统的导向精度和刚度.采用直线导轨进行各装配作业模块之间的切换,保证了微小环片零件的自动装配与取出.在环片的装配方向上,螺旋升降机和光栅尺实现环片的位置精度控制.在Lab VIEW编程环境中,采用分层软件架构和模块化控制思想,避免了不必要的数据循环检测与丢失,能够达到环片组件的装配精度要求.控制系统分为系统初始化模块、参数设置模块、装配模块和取出模块,自动装配系统通过各个模块间的相互交流配合完成装配任务.采用本文中自动装配系统装配环片的实验结果表明,环片零件装配的最大位置误差为26μm,垂直度误差为17μm,平均装配时间为75 s/片,可满足环片组件所需的精度要求. 相似文献
99.
Jin Luo Jiwei Hu Xionghui Wei Lingyun Li Xianfei Huang 《International journal of molecular sciences》2015,16(1):1160-1178
This paper presents a density functional theory (DFT)/time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) study on the lowest lying singlet and triplet excited states of 20 selected polybrominateddiphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners, with the solvation effect included in the calculations using the polarized continuum model (PCM). The results obtained showed that for most of the brominated diphenyl ether (BDE) congeners, the lowest singlet excited state was initiated by the electron transfer from HOMO to LUMO, involving a π–σ* excitation. In triplet excited states, structure of the BDE congeners differed notably from that of the BDE ground states with one of the specific C–Br bonds bending off the aromatic plane. In addition, the partial least squares regression (PLSR), principal component analysis-multiple linear regression analysis (PCA-MLR), and back propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) approaches were employed for a quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) study. Based on the previously reported kinetic data for the debromination by ultraviolet (UV) and sunlight, obtained QSPR models exhibited a reasonable evaluation of the photodebromination reactivity even when the BDE congeners had same degree of bromination, albeit different patterns of bromination. 相似文献
100.
Changjun Li Changjie Ji Ronnier Luo Manuel Melgosa Michael H. Brill 《Color research and application》2015,40(1):30-39
Here, we investigated the CAT02 and HPE triangles in both x,y and u′,v′ spaces. It was found that in u′,v′ space, the HPE triangle is separated into two regions by the line 3u′ ? 8v′ + 6 = 0, which is the u′,v′ image of X + Y + Z = 0 under the mapping from (X,Y,Z) to (u′,v′). One of these two regions admits all‐positive R,G,B triplets and the other all‐negative R,G,B triplets, under the case of (X + Y + Z) > 0. The findings of this study explained the computation problems of CAT02 and provided methods for solving the Yellow‐Blue and Purple problems simultaneously. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 40, 30–39, 2015 相似文献